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General Instructions

1. Attempt all the questions from Part I (Compulsory). A total five questions are to be attempted from Part II, two out of three questions from Section A and three out of five questions from Section B.
2. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets. 

PART I (30 Marks)
Attempt all questions from this Part

Question l

(a) Name the body which elects the Rajya Sabha Members. [1]

(b) What is the maximum gap allowed between two parliamentary sessions? [1]

(c) What is an ordinance? [1]

(d) Mention two military powers of the President of India. [1]

(e) What is meant by the term question hour in the context of parliamentary procedures in India? [1]

(f) To whom is the Council of Ministers of a State responsible? [1]

(g) How are the members of the State Legislative Assembly elected? [1]

(h) Name the highest Court dealing with civil cases at the District level. [1]

(i) What is meant by every high court is a court of record? [1]

(j) If the President of India considers that a question of law may be referred to the Supreme Court, under which jurisdiction will the Supreme Court express its opinion in the matter? [1]

Question 2

(a) Mention any two social evils that existed in India during the 19th century. What measures did the British Government take to stop them? [2]

(b) State two factors responsible for the growth of Nationalism in India. [2]

(c) Name the nationalist who said Swaraj is my birth-right. Mention one contribution of his to the National Movement. [2]

(d) Why was the Rowlatt Act (1919) passed? [2]

(e) Mention any two events which led to the Civil Disobedience Movement of 1930. [2]

(f) State any two objectives of the Muslim League. [2]

(g) What was the issue between Germany and Poland that was a cause of World War II? [2]

(h) State any two similarities between Nazism and Fascism. [2]

(i) Which agency of the UN looks after the interests of the children in the world? What was the original purpose of setting up this agency? [2]

(i) State two reasons why Britain and France followed a policy of appeasement towards Germany in the l930's. [2]

PART II (50 Marks)
SECTION A

Attempt any two questions from this Section

Question 3

With reference to the functions of the Union Council of Ministers and State Council of Ministers, answer the following:-

(a) Mention three important functions of the Prime Minister. [3]

(b) What is the difference between the Council of Ministers and the Cabinet in the Central Executive? [3]

(c) How are the Prime Minister and the Chief Minister appointed at the Centre and State respectively? [4]

Question 4

With reference to the Executive branch of the Government:-

(a) Mention the common qualifications required to be eligible to become the President of India or the Governor of a State. [3]

(b) Explain the special powers of the Governor during the President's Rule in a State. [3]

c) Mention two executive and two legislative powers of the President of India. [4]

Question 5

With reference to the powers and functions of the Supreme Court, answer the following:-

(a) What is meant by Judicial Review and Original Jurisdiction? [3]

(b) What is Appellate Jurisdiction? Mention any two types of cases over which the Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction. [3]

(c) (i) Why is the Judiciary kept independent from the control of the executive and legislature?

(ii) What is the procedure for the removal of a Supreme Court Judge? [4]

SECTION B
Attempt any three questions from this Section

Question 6

Several factors led to the revolt of 1857. With reference to this, explain each of the following:-

(a) Discontentment of the Sepoys. [3]

(b) Resentment of the rulers of the native States against the British. [3]

(c) Unhappiness of the Indian Artisans and Craftsmen. [4]

Question 7

Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:-

"... the Indians who actively worked for the creation of an all-India political organization represented new social forces that were increasingly opposed to the exploitation of India for British interests. They needed an organization that would fight for India's political and economic advancement."

-From 'Freedom Struggle'.

(a) (i) In the context of the above, identify the two individuals in Pictures 1 and 2, who were the early leaders of the organization to be formed.

(ii) How did the person in Picture 1 explain the economic exploitation of India for British interests? [3]

(b) Name the organization which was to be formed. What were the objectives behind the formation of this political body? [3]

(c) Explain the major ideological differences which emerged amongst the leaders within the first twenty years of the foundation of this organization. [4]

Question 8

In the political scenario of 1939, important developments took place in India and abroad. In this context, answer the following questions:-

(a) Who was the founder of the 'Forward Bloc'? Why was this organization formed? [3]

(b) Why did Sir Stafford Cripps come to India? Why was the Quit India Movement launched? [3]

(c) Explain any four proposals made by Lord Mountbatten to settle the independence issue for India. [4]

Question 9

The world witnessed a 'great war' in the years between 1914-1918. In this context:-

(a) Discuss any three reasons which led to the war in 1914. [3]

(b) Mention three clauses of the Treaty of Versailles. [3]

(c) Explain how the Treaty of Versailles was responsible for the outbreak of the Second World War. [4]

Question 10

With reference to the Human Rights issue, answer the following:-

(a) Why was it necessary to bring about the 'Universal Declaration of Human Rights'? [3]

(b) What is the importance of the articles 1 & 2 in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights? [3]

(c) What is meant by ILO? How does this agency of the UN ensure the welfare of the workers of the world? [4]